Lake Pielinen

Lake Pielinen, located in North Karelia, Finland, stands as a testament to the serene beauty and ecological richness of Finnish lakes. With its coordinates at 63°15′N 29°40′E, this mesotrophic lake is the fourth largest in Finland and serves as a crucial element in the region’s landscape and biodiversity.

Geographical Characteristics

Lake Pielinen boasts a vast surface area of 894.21 square kilometers, making it one of the most expansive lakes in Finland. Its maximum length stretches to 120 kilometers, and its width varies up to 40 kilometers. The lake’s impressive depth reaches a maximum of 60 meters, with an average depth of 9.9 meters, holding a water volume of 8.5 cubic kilometers.

Hydrology and Inflows

The lake’s primary inflows include the Jongunjoki, Koitajoki, and Lieksanjoki rivers, each contributing to its rich aquatic ecosystem. The lake’s primary outflow is the Pielisjoki, which drains southward into the larger Saimaa Lake, forming part of the extensive Vuoksi watercourse utilized for timber floating.

Environmental Significance

Surrounded by densely forested areas, particularly on its rugged western shore capped by Koli hill, Lake Pielinen is situated within a diverse landscape that includes barren lands, rock faces, exposed soils, and beaches. The catchment area, predominantly forested, is a habitat for various flora and fauna, reflecting the lake’s ecological importance.

Human Interaction and Settlements

The catchment area is home to approximately 83,400 people, with significant towns like Nurmes and Lieksa situated on its shores. The lake’s basin supports primary industries related to milk, meat, and wood, as well as secondary industries, including cardboard and milk products manufacturing.

Flora and Fauna

Lake Pielinen’s aquatic life is rich, with various phytoplankton species and a diverse range of fish, including economically significant species like perch, pike, roach, and several types of whitefish. The presence of extensive marsh areas contributes to a diverse herbaceous vegetation, supporting the overall biodiversity of the lake.

Climate and Seasonal Aspects

The climate around Lake Pielinen is characterized by significant seasonal variations, with the lake freezing over typically from late November to mid-May. This seasonal freezing and thawing contribute to the lake’s dynamic ecological environment.